![]() This is bad news, since it defeats the purpose of using a VPN. In this case, the DNS server operator (often your ISP) will see where you are going on the internet while you believe he cannot. ![]() Internet snoopers (government or criminal) cannot see any content because it is encrypted.Ī DNS leak occurs when something unintended happens, and the VPN server is bypassed or ignored. Provided the VPN is working correctly, all your ISP will see is that you are connecting to a VPN – it cannot see where the VPN connects you. For the purpose of this discussion on DNS leaks, we will largely assume that your VPN uses the most common VPN protocol, OpenVPN.Ī VPN establishes an encrypted connection (usually called a ‘tunnel’) between your computer and the VPN server and the VPN server sends your request on to the required website. A series of issues means that in certain circumstances the DNS data can leak back to the ISP and therefore into the purview of government and marketing companies. VPNs are designed to solve this problem by creating a gap between the user’s computer and the destination website. As a result, every destination visited will be known to whoever has legal (or criminal) access to the DNS logs – that is, under normal circumstances, a user has no privacy over where he goes on the internet. While the content of communications between the user’s local computer and the remote website can be encrypted with SSL/TLS (it shows up as ‘https’ in the URL), the sender and recipient addresses cannot be encrypted. Similar happens in the USA, but with the added option for the ISP to sell the data to marketing companies. For example, in the UK, information held by ISPs must be handed to law enforcement on demand. That DNS server usually belongs to the user’s ISP, and is under the jurisdiction of national laws. This is a huge problem for privacy since all standard internet traffic must pass through a DNS server where both the sender and destination are logged. When a web name is entered, it is sent first to a DNS server where the domain name is matched to the associated IP address so that the request can be forwarded to the correct computer. Browsers use the Domain Name System (DNS) to bridge the gap between internet IP addresses (numbers) and website domain names (words).
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